Optimal Multistage Scheduling of Pmu Placement for Power System Observability

The standards of power system monitoring, control and protection are elevated by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) as an auspicious tool. It is the purpose of this paper to determine the optimal number and locations of PMUs so as to make the system measurement model observable and also estimate the power system state. The proposed modelling approach which models PMU placement as an integer linear programming problems, is extended and generalized to satisfy various aspects of optimal phasor measurement unit (PMU) placement problem. Cases with and without zero injection measurements are considered. The optimal PMU placement problem can be achieved by using linear constraints. This implies that optimal PMU placement problem with zero injection busses can now be solved by standard ILP solvers. Subsequently, we also develop a simple and an effective methodology to handle single PMU outage as well as single line outage in the system. The robust performance of the proposed approach is confirmed on the IEEE 9, 14 and 57-bus test systems. The results obtained in this paper are compared with those published before in literature.